From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: (majordomo@vger.kernel.org) by vger.kernel.org via listexpand id S1753832AbeCUVlt (ORCPT ); Wed, 21 Mar 2018 17:41:49 -0400 Received: from mail.kmu-office.ch ([178.209.48.109]:32799 "EHLO mail.kmu-office.ch" rhost-flags-OK-OK-OK-OK) by vger.kernel.org with ESMTP id S1753818AbeCUVln (ORCPT ); Wed, 21 Mar 2018 17:41:43 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Date: Wed, 21 Mar 2018 22:41:41 +0100 From: Stefan Agner To: Robin Murphy Cc: Stephen Warren , Dmitry Osipenko , swarren@nvidia.com, thierry.reding@gmail.com, Alexandre Courbot , nicolas.pitre@linaro.org, keescook@chromium.org, arnd@arndb.de, ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org, marc.zyngier@arm.com, linux@armlinux.org.uk, linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org, mka@chromium.org, linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org, Bernhard.Rosenkranzer@linaro.org Subject: Re: [PATCH 3/5] ARM: trusted_foundations: do not use naked function In-Reply-To: References: <20180320230206.25289-1-stefan@agner.ch> <20180320230206.25289-4-stefan@agner.ch> <124e16c9-b8ca-9c7e-ade5-b033eed76e14@arm.com> <302cfd1a4324e064cd4f189e4e0ffc21@agner.ch> <03de5241-fb69-9097-5020-f9843482318d@gmail.com> <1dd52edb-412c-2d26-7e6a-d567695a89fe@wwwdotorg.org> Message-ID: User-Agent: Roundcube Webmail/1.3.4 Sender: linux-kernel-owner@vger.kernel.org List-ID: X-Mailing-List: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org On 21.03.2018 18:16, Robin Murphy wrote: > On 21/03/18 16:40, Stephen Warren wrote: >> On 03/21/2018 09:26 AM, Dmitry Osipenko wrote: >>> On 21.03.2018 17:09, Stefan Agner wrote: >>>> On 21.03.2018 13:13, Robin Murphy wrote: >>>>> On 20/03/18 23:02, Stefan Agner wrote: >>>>>> As documented in GCC naked functions should only use Basic asm >>>>>> syntax. The Extended asm or mixture of Basic asm and "C" code is >>>>>> not guaranteed. Currently this works because it was hard coded >>>>>> to follow and check GCC behavior for arguments and register >>>>>> placement. >>>>>> >>>>>> Furthermore with clang using parameters in Extended asm in a >>>>>> naked function is not supported: >>>>>>     arch/arm/firmware/trusted_foundations.c:47:10: error: parameter >>>>>>             references not allowed in naked functions >>>>>>                   : "r" (type), "r" (arg1), "r" (arg2) >>>>>>                          ^ >>>>>> >>>>>> Use a regular function to be more portable. This aligns also with >>>>>> the other smc call implementations e.g. in qcom_scm-32.c and >>>>>> bcm_kona_smc.c. >>>>>> >>>>>> Additionally also make sure all callee-saved registers get saved >>>>>> as it has been done before. >>>>>> >>>>>> Signed-off-by: Stefan Agner >>>>>> --- >>>>>>    arch/arm/firmware/trusted_foundations.c | 12 +++++++----- >>>>>>    1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) >>>>>> >>>>>> diff --git a/arch/arm/firmware/trusted_foundations.c b/arch/arm/firmware/trusted_foundations.c >>>>>> index 3fb1b5a1dce9..426d732e6591 100644 >>>>>> --- a/arch/arm/firmware/trusted_foundations.c >>>>>> +++ b/arch/arm/firmware/trusted_foundations.c >>>>>> @@ -31,21 +31,23 @@ >>>>>>      static unsigned long cpu_boot_addr; >>>>>>    -static void __naked tf_generic_smc(u32 type, u32 arg1, u32 arg2) >>>>>> +static void tf_generic_smc(u32 type, u32 arg1, u32 arg2) >>>>>>    { >>>>>> +    register u32 r0 asm("r0") = type; >>>>>> +    register u32 r1 asm("r1") = arg1; >>>>>> +    register u32 r2 asm("r2") = arg2; >>>>>> + >>>>>>        asm volatile( >>>>>>            ".arch_extension    sec\n\t" >>>>>> -        "stmfd    sp!, {r4 - r11, lr}\n\t" >>>>>>            __asmeq("%0", "r0") >>>>>>            __asmeq("%1", "r1") >>>>>>            __asmeq("%2", "r2") >>>>>>            "mov    r3, #0\n\t" >>>>>>            "mov    r4, #0\n\t" >>>>>>            "smc    #0\n\t" >>>>>> -        "ldmfd    sp!, {r4 - r11, pc}" >>>>>>            : >>>>>> -        : "r" (type), "r" (arg1), "r" (arg2) >>>>>> -        : "memory"); >>>>>> +        : "r" (r0), "r" (r1), "r" (r2) >>>>>> +        : "memory", "r3", "r4", "r5", "r6", "r7", "r8", "r9", "r10"); >>>>> >>>>> I may be missing a subtlety, but it looks like we no longer have a >>>>> guarantee that r11 will be caller-saved as it was previously. I don't >>>>> know the Trusted Foundations ABI to say whether that matters or not, >>>>> but if it is the case that it never needed preserving anyway, that >>>>> might be worth calling out in the commit message. >>>> >>>> Adding r11 (fp) to the clobber list causes an error when using gcc and >>>> CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER=y: >>>> arch/arm/firmware/trusted_foundations.c: In function ‘tf_generic_smc’: >>>> arch/arm/firmware/trusted_foundations.c:51:1: error: fp cannot be used >>>> in asm here >>>> >>>> Not sure what ABI Trusted Foundations follow. >>>> >>>> [adding Stephen, Thierry and Dmitry] >>>> Maybe someone more familiar with NVIDIA Tegra SoCs can help? >>>> >>>> When CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER=y fp gets saved anyway. So we could add r11 to >>>> clobber list ifndef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER... >>> >>> I have no idea about TF ABI either. Looking at the downstream kernel code, r4 - >>> r12 should be saved. I've CC'd Alexandre as he is the author of the original >>> patch and may still remember the details. >>> >>> I'm also wondering why original code doesn't have r3 in the clobber list and why >>> r3 is set to '0', downstream sets it to the address of SP and on return from SMC >>> r3 contains the address of SP which should be restored. I'm now wondering how >>> SMC calling worked for me at all on T30, maybe it didn't.. >> >> I don't know what the ABI for ATF is. I assume it's documented in the ATF, PSCI, or similar specification, or ATF source code. Hence, I don't know whether ATF restores fp/r11. > > Oops, I think we're starting to diverge here - "ATF" (as in "Arm > Trusted Firmware") does implement the ARM SMCCC, which more or less > just follows the regular procedure call standard in terms of register > saving. The "TF" in question here is "Trusted Foundations" from > Trusted Logic (who apparently don't exist any more) which is > explicitly called out in the header as having its own nonstandard > calling convention. I guess newer Tegras are using the former, whereas > the older ones used the latter. > What do you mean by "called out in the header as having its own nonstandard"? It is unclear what ABI is used, I just inferred from the fact that register have been saved before that it might use a nonstandard calling convention. Tegra 4i/TK1 and newer seem to use something called Trusted Little Kernel. >> My guess is that r3/r4 are set to 0 because they're defined as inputs by the SMC/ATF ABI, yet nothing the kernel does needed that many parameters, so they're hard-coded to 0 (to ensure they're set to something predictable) rather than also being parameters to tf_generic_smc(). >> >> The original code used to save/restore a lot of registers, including r11/fp. Can't we side-step the issue of including/not-including r11/fp in the clobber list by not removing those stmfd/ldmfd assembly instructions? > > That might be reasonable - fiddling with a C function's stack inside > an asm is a bit grim, but for this case I can't see that it would mess > with unwinding etc. or otherwise go wrong any more than the existing > code, and I doubt the slight efficiency hit from having to change the > "pop the LR straight into the PC" idiom matters much. Sounds reasonable, I guess in that case we can also omit all the additional register in the clobber list. -- Stefan